ANAKAYUB's Notes

 MCAI SOE 5th Nov 2019

Pharmacology and Clinical Measurements

1. Pharmacokinetic concepts
- what is elimination and half life?
- Describe first order and zero order kinetic, and give example.
- What is volume of distribution?

2. Local anaesthetics
- Explain how local anaesthetics works?
- How do you classify LA? And it’s characteristic
- What is Isomers? And what’s a racemix local anaesthetic
- How is LA metabolised?
- How to treat LA toxicity? Dose?

3. Malignant hyperpyrexia
- what is MH?
- What is the pathophysiology of MH?
- What’s the management of MH?
- What’s the treatment specific to MH? And explain the mechanism of action of drugs (Dantrolene) and it’s physical properties.

4. Anti-arrhythmic drugs
- How do you classify the drugs?
- Draw & Compare with cardiac myocyte action potential, how does it affect it?
- Examples of anti-arrhythmic drugs.

5. Vaporiser
- how to classify vaporiser?
- Draw a plenum vaporiser and explain it’s design
- What example of Vaporiser inside circuit you know of?
- Compare and contrast VIC and VOC.
- What is SVP? And it’s significance.
- What is latent heat of vaporisation

6. Temperature measurement
- classify how temperature can be measured
- Tell me more about thermistor and where do you use them
- Compare different site of temperature measuring site and how?
- What is temperature and what is thermal energy?

Physiology and Physics

1. Autonomic Nervous system
- What is sympathetic nervous system and where does it innervate?
- What is parasympathetic nervous system and where does it innervate?
- What are the neurotransmitter involved in SNS and PNS?
- In what condition, the ANS is affected?

2. Motor pathway
- Can you describe the motor pathway?
- How does voluntarily movement come about?
- What are the fibres involve?
- Tell me more about knee jerk reflex?
- Explain the extrapyramidal pathway.

3. Functional residual capacity
- what is FRC and what affects it?
- How does FRC affect compliance? What is compliance?
- Explain Hysteresis
- Explain the resistance overcome during respiration.

4. Flow
- what factor affect blood flow in a artery?
- What is auto regulation? Draw a graph to illustrate your answer.

5. Circle system
- draw a schematic diagram of circle system
- What’s the advantages and disadvantage of Circle system
- What’s the content of a soda lime? Write the reaction equation.
- What harmful substance release by Soda lime? Example of gas and what content?

6. Pipeline pressure
- Can you explain the pressure from the common gas outlet - pipeline - patient?
- At what pressure the back valve of the anaesthetic machine open?
- What could cause the one way valve of the breathing circuit to not move?
- What is a normal oxygen cylinder pressure and content?
- How does the anaesthetic machine control the pressure from cylinder to patient?

7. Artline monitoring
- Damping, optimal and critical
- Draw the waveform
- Component of Artline

Special thanks to Yeoh JC